Navigation- Having a topographical map and compass or a GPS device is crucial. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced hiker, it is always smart to keep one of these on hand while out on the trails.

Food- Extra food and water is a must while out for a day, a week or a month. Always make sure to pack according to the length of your trip and make sure you bring a kit to boil water. Treatment drops or pills will work as well, but are not as effective at killing giardia. Make sure you take water from a running stream and never from a standing pool.

Light- Pack a flashlight and extra batteries in your backpack. Make sure to check and see if all are working before departing on your trip.

Fire- Waterproof matches or a lighter and some fire starter are important. In case you find yourself in an emergency or are planning on being out overnight, a fire can be a lifesaver in many ways and can provide much-needed warmth.

Sun Protection- Sunglasses and sunscreen should always be in your pack, regardless of whether you're going on a short day trip or a week long backpacking trip through the High Sierras.

First Aid- Keep a fully stocked first aid kit, including any medications you may need. Make sure to keep the kit stocked before departing for every trip.

Knife- You would be surprised at how many situations you might find yourself in where a knife will come in handy while out hiking. Make sure to keep a folding pocket knife with you during your adventures.

Signal- One item of clothing (whether a jacket, t shirt, bandana, etc.) should be a bright color. This will help search and rescue workers find you in an emergency. You should also bring with you a whistle and a small mirror.

Emergency Shelter- Bivouac sacks are a big plus to have with you in case you find yourself in a storm or an emergency situation where you need shelter. They are light, easy to pack and fairly inexpensive and will come in handy in an emergency situation.